martes, 17 de octubre de 2017

THE LOCOMOTOR SYSTEM


THE LOCOMOTOR SYSTEM:
The locomotor system is made up of the skeleton, joints and muscles.

1.THE SKELETON:
Function: to support and give shape to our body; to protect our internal organs.
It is made up of bones (hard bone tissue) and cartilage (flexible tissue).
Types of bones:
   -Short and wide (vertebrae): support and stability
  -Flat and thin (ribs): protect our internal organs.
  -Long and strong (arms and legs bones): movement.
2.JOINTS:
Ligaments (strong, elastic tissue) connect bones at the joints.
Types of joints:
  -Fixed joints: join bones in our skull. No movement.
  -Semi-flexible joints: vertebrae in our spine. Some movement.
  -Flexible joints: Neck, shoulders (the most flexible), elbows, wrists, knees, ankles and waist.   A lot of movement.
3.MUSCLES:
Function: Muscles give our body shape and respond to the nervous system contracting and relaxing.
Tendons (tissues) connect muscles to bones.
Types of muscles:
  -voluntary: we can move them at will (the muscles in our arms).

  -involuntary: muscles move automatically  (the muscles  in our heart)

THE NERVOUS SYSTEM ( 6th Grade)

THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM
1.BRAIN
Cerebrum: voluntary movements
( walking, dancing, jumping), thoughts, emotions, language and behavior.
It is divided into the left and right hemispheres.
Cerebellum: balance, movement and coordination.
Brain stem: involuntary movements (digestion, respiration, heart beatings).
It connects  the brain to the spinal cord.


2.SPINAL CORD is made up of nerve tissue.
It controls reflex actions (spontaneous reactions that protect
our body from danger, such as pulling  your hands away from a hot object).
It is protected by vertebrae.


THE PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM
It is made up of nerves that carry messages to and from the central nervous system.
Process:
1.Sensory neurons transmit information from the sense organs
(eyes, nose, ears, tongue and skin) to the brain.
2.The brain interprets the information and decides how to respond.

3.Motor neurons carry messages away from the brain
to the rest of our body and muscles.






BRAIN FUNCTIONS ( 5th and 6 th graders)


CELLS: prokaryotic & eukaryotic ( 5th Graders)


https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UbqX3J9hQR0